We do not recommend partial thawing or re-freezing. The best practice is to design your plate map so the full vial is used in one thaw event. If you need multiple runs, consider using multiple vials or selecting smaller vial formats for staged work.
Inconsistent seeding density, variable cytokine exposure timing, and media/reagent endotoxin are the top issues. Another frequent culprit is over-handling in the first day after plating. A strict SOP with recorded timestamps solves most failures.
Plan a "single differentiation run" and branch into arms at defined time points. Keep one reference condition throughout (standard macrophages) and then apply polarization cues or co-culture partners. For secretome studies, control serum conditions and media change timing strictly-those variables influence background as much as biology.
For Research Use Only. Do Not Use in Food Manufacturing or Medical Procedures (Diagnostics or Therapeutics). Do Not Use in Humans.