The efficacy of a macrophage-mediated inflammatory response depends on the coordinated expression of major factors. Their expression is finely regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Several studies have provided strong evidence that microRNAs play key roles in modulating macrophage activation, polarization, tissue infiltration, and resolution of inflammation. As a leading specialist in macrophage development, Creative Biolabs excels at reprogramming macrophages by microRNA. Our professional technical scientists, comprehensive macrophage therapeutics development platform, and abundant experience make us a perfect partner to help our clients in macrophage reprogramming.
There are dynamic changes at gene loci associated with macrophage polarization in genome-wide studies. These changes resulted in the coordinated action of distinct signaling pathways and transcription factors. microRNAs are small (22-24 nt) non-coding RNA sequences that interact with the 3' UTRs of gene transcripts, suppressing their translation or driving their degradation. They are indispensable in regulating gene expression in both innate and adaptive immune cells.
Table 1 Key aspects of macrophage reprogramming by microRNAs
Roles | Description |
---|---|
Role in the tumor microenvironment | MicroRNAs released by tumor cells can reprogram tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), affecting their differentiation, activation, migration, and anti-tumor response capacity. |
Metabolic reprogramming | MicroRNAs are involved in regulating metabolic pathways in macrophages, affecting their polarized phenotype and function. |
Signaling pathways regulation | MicroRNAs affect macrophage polarization by modulating specific signaling pathways. For example, miR-382-5p may affect the polarization of breast cancer tumor-associated macrophages through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. |
Epigenetic regulation | MicroRNAs are involved in epigenetic regulation of macrophage metabolic reprogramming and affect cell polarization by tightly regulating gene expression. |
In conclusion, microRNAs play a multifaceted regulatory role in macrophage reprogramming, including influencing cellular metabolism, signaling pathways, and gene expression, thereby altering macrophage polarization status and function. This provides new ideas and possibilities for developing therapeutic strategies that target macrophages.
Creative Biolabs offers specialized services for reprogramming macrophages by microRNA. By utilizing microRNAs, our team of experts is able to efficiently regulate the gene expression of macrophages, thereby altering their functional state and promoting specific immune responses. Our reprogramming services include:
Creative Biolabs is committed to providing high-quality and customized solutions to help you make more progress in your basic research. Please feel free to contact us to discuss your specific needs and we will be happy to assist you.
Reprogramming macrophages by microRNAs has become a hot field in tumor microenvironment research. However, to deeply investigate the effects of microRNAs on macrophages, researchers need reliable experimental tools.
Creative Biolabs has introduced a breakthrough solution for macrophage research.
Cat.No | Product Name | Product Type |
---|---|---|
MTS-0922-JF10 | Human Macrophages, Alveolar | Human Macrophages |
MTS-0922-JF99 | Human M0 Macrophages, 1.5 x 10^6 | Human M0 Macrophages |
MTS-0922-JF52 | C57/129 Mouse Macrophages, Bone Marrow | C57/129 Mouse Macrophages |
MTS-0922-JF7 | Human M2 Macrophages, Peripheral Blood, 10 x 10^6 | Human M2 Macrophages |
MTS-0922-JF34 | CD1 Mouse Macrophages | CD1 Mouse Macrophages |
MTS-1123-HM6 | Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (MCSF) ELISA Kit, Colorimetric | Detection Kit |
MTS-1123-HM15 | Macrophage Chemokine Ligand 19 (CCL19) ELISA Kit, qPCR | Detection Kit |
MTS-1123-HM17 | Macrophage Chemokine Ligand 4 (CCL4) ELISA Kit, Colorimetric | Detection Kit |
MTS-1123-HM49 | Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) ELISA Kit, Colorimetric | Detection Kit |
MTS-1123-HM42 | Macrophage Receptor with Collagenous Structure ELISA Kit, Colorimetric | Detection Kit |
Previous studies have identified specific subsets of microRNAs differentially expressed under distinct polarizing conditions, and investigated the effect of miRNA deregulation in macrophage polarization. A study identified 109 miRNAs differentially expressed in human and murine polarized macrophages, focusing in particular on miR-155, miR-181, and miR-451 in M1 macrophages, and miR-146a, miR-125a, and miR-145-5p in M2 macrophages. Subsequent studies confirmed the higher expression of miR-155 in M1-polarized macrophages and of miR-146a, miR-125b, and miR-127 in M2-polarizing conditions.
Fig.1 Pleiotropic role of miRNAs in the regulation of macrophage activation and polarization.1,2
Q: What is the exact process of microRNA reprogramming?
A: In our service, macrophages are first isolated and cultured. Next, we apply specific microRNA molecules, usually by means of transfection or viral vectors, to introduce the target microRNAs. This initiates a series of changes in intracellular signaling pathways, which in turn reprograms macrophage function. The entire process requires rigorous laboratory techniques and optimization to ensure that the targeted effects are achieved.
Q: How do I know if microRNA reprogramming is successful?
A: Successful microRNA reprogramming can be assessed by several metrics. We will perform functional tests on reprogrammed macrophages, including cell proliferation ability, cytokine secretion ability, and phagocytosis. In addition, we will monitor changes in specific gene and protein expression by methods such as qPCR and Western blot. Eventually, we will provide detailed experimental reports to help you understand the specific effects of reprogramming.
Q: Does microRNA reprogramming apply to all types of macrophages?
A: Yes, our microRNA reprogramming service can be applied to many types of macrophages, including M1-type and M2-type macrophages. The specific type to be applied will be selected based on your research goals and needs. We will adjust the microRNA selection and transfection protocols according to different macrophage types to ensure the best reprogramming results.
Q: How much does this reprogramming service cost for research?
A: The cost of the reprogramming macrophage service will be affected by a number of factors, including the complexity of the experiment, the amount of microRNA required, reagents and consumables. We will offer different service packages to meet the budget for different research needs. If you need, we can also discuss with you a personalized quotation plan based on the project size and specific needs.
References
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