Description
Microglia are specialized immune cells found in the central nervous system (CNS). They serve as the resident macrophages of the CNS, playing crucial roles in immune surveillance, inflammation, and maintaining tissue homeostasis.
Microglia constantly monitor their microenvironment, surveying for signs of injury, infection, or aberrant cellular activity. Upon detecting such stimuli, they can rapidly respond by altering their morphology, migrating to the site of insult, and initiating immune responses. This may involve phagocytosis of cellular debris, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, or recruitment of other immune cells to the affected area.
Furthermore, microglia play essential roles in CNS development, including synaptic pruning, neuronal circuit refinement, and neurogenesis. They contribute to the maintenance of neuronal connectivity and synaptic plasticity, thereby influencing cognitive function and behavior.
Dysregulation of microglial function has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In these conditions, microglia may exhibit aberrant activation states, leading to chronic inflammation, neuronal damage, and disease progression.
Applications
Numerous types of experimental manipulations, including morphological, gene expression, and physiological studies.
Datasheet