Macrophages Markers

Identification of different subtypes of macrophages as well as monitoring their migration and activation status can be achieved with macrophage markers.

Creative Biolabs provides an overview of some of the most common macrophage markers, as well as the techniques used to detect them. Based on this information, we also offer offers fast, reliable support for our clients' macrophage marker development projects.

Human Macrophage Markers

Human macrophages have several subtypes. Some commonly used markers to identify human macrophages include:

CD14. It is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. And its expression is upregulated upon macrophage activation.
CD16. It is a low-affinity Fc receptor. And its expression is upregulated upon macrophage activation.
CD163. It is a scavenger receptor. Its expression is upregulated in response to interleukin (IL)-10, and it is involved in the clearance of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes.
CD206. It is a C-type lectin receptor. It recognizes and binds to glycoproteins containing mannose and fucose residues.

Mouse Macrophage Markers

Mouse macrophages are a similarly diverse population of cells that can be divided into several subtypes based on their location and function. Some commonly used markers to identify mouse macrophages include:

Fig. 1 Schematic molecular structure of the F4/80 molecule. (dos Anjos Cassado A, 2017)

F4/80 is a glycoprotein. Mature macrophages and some populations of dendritic cells primarily express F4/80 on the surface. Its expression is upregulated in response to IL-4 and IL-13.
CD11b is an integrin. Its expression is upregulated upon activation of macrophages, and it is involved in cell adhesion and migration.
CD11c is a dendritic cell-specific integrin. Its expression is upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, and it is involved in antigen presentation.
Ly6C is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. Its expression is upregulated in response to infection and inflammation, and it is involved in the recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation.

Macrophage Markers and Flow Cytometry

Flow cytometry is a powerful technique for the analysis of cells based on their physical and chemical properties. It involves the use of fluorescently labeled antibodies to identify and quantify cells of interest. In the case of macrophages, flow cytometry can be used to identify and quantify different subtypes of cells based on the expression of specific surface markers.

One of the most commonly used methods for identifying macrophages by flow cytometry is based on the expression of CD14 and CD16. By using antibodies specific for CD14 and CD16, it is possible to distinguish between these different subsets of monocytes and to track their migration and activation status.
In addition to CD14 and CD16, flow cytometry can also be used to identify macrophages based on the expression of other surface markers such as F4/80 and CD11b. By using a combination of different markers, it is possible to identify and quantify different macrophage subtypes.

Creative Biolabs can offer marker services by antibodies in combination with flow cytometry and other techniques, it is possible to gain a better understanding of the role that macrophages play in health and disease.

Our team is dedicated to providing total solutions for macrophage markers, including a wide range of quality services, including but not limited to:

Professional technical scientists and abundant experience make Creative Biolabs a perfect partner to help our clients with the development of new macrophage markers. We are well equipped and versed in M1/M2 macrophage marker discovery and development. Our scientists will work together closely to address the scientific and technical challenges to facilitate our clients' projects. Please do not hesitate to contact us for customized services related to macrophage marker studies.

References

dos Anjos Cassado A. F4/80 as a major macrophage marker: the case of the peritoneum and spleen. Macrophages: Origin, functions and biointervention, 2017: 161-179.
Ginhoux F and Guilliams M. Tissue-Resident Macrophage Ontogeny and Homeostasis. Immunity, 2016; 44(3): 439-449.